The Official Journal of the Turkish Society Of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (KLİMİK)

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Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, JUNE 2025

Characteristics and Distribution of Fungal Meningitis: A Systematic Review

Armina Khalilzadegan and others

In recent decades, fungal infections of the central nervous system (CNS) have increased significantly. Of more than 100,000 identified fungal species, approximately 10 to 15% are responsible for implicated fungal-related neurological diseases. A significant clinical manifestation of fungal infections of the CNS is meningitis, a serious condition marked [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, JUNE 2025

The Definition, Prevalence, and Risk Factors of Augmented Renal Clearance in Adult Patients on Antimicrobial Therapy: A Scoping Review

Hasan Memiş and others

Antibiotic resistance has become a significant public health concern, primarily due to irrational antibiotic use. Healthcare and antimicrobial stewardship depend on using antibiotics correctly for several reasons. In the first place, adhering to the prescribed dosage ensures that the body receives the right amount of antibiotics to treat [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, JUNE 2025

The Role of Serial Monitoring of Laboratory Parameters in Determining the Need for Intensive Care in Severe COVID-19: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Elif Nur Özbay-Haliloğlu and Zeynep Tekin-Taş

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), led to significant hospitalizations and mortality globally from 2019 to 2021. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), over 776 million COVID-19 cases and more than 7 million COVID-19-related deaths have been reported to date. Although [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, JUNE 2025

Prognostic Factors in COVID-19 Patients with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Single-Centre Experience

Hilal Ekici and others

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease with a wide clinical spectrum ranging from mild to moderate illness to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and death. Approximately 25% of patients with COVID-19-related ARDS required mechanical ventilation due to respiratory failure and were treated in intensive [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, JUNE 2025

Quantitative Immunoglobulin G and Interferon-Gamma Responses After Different Booster Strategies of CoronaVac and BNT162b2 Vaccines in Türkiye

Aylin İrem Ocaklı and others

The straightforward way to keep the course of the pandemic under control is herd immunity, which is established with a vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). There is a need to develop appropriate laboratory tools to predict the efficacy of vaccines and evaluate the post-vaccination immune response. Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, JUNE 2025

Detection of Hypervirulent ST-17 Clone Among Clinical Group B Streptococcus Isolates Using MALDI-TOF MS and PCR

Gülşah Malkoçoğlu and others

Group B Streptococcus (GBS), Streptococcus agalactiae, is generally found as a colonizer of the genital and gastrointestinal tracts, and vertical transmission from colonized mothers to newborns during childbirth can result in serious infections. This bacterium is a leading cause of sepsis and meningitis in neonates and is also associated with several invasive and non-invasive [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, JUNE 2025

Risk Factors for Cytomegalovirus Reactivation and Its Impact on Clinical Outcomes in Immunocompetent Seropositive Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit: A Single-Center Prospective Observational Study

Hacer Ceylan Çimendağ and others

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a DNA belonging to the family Herpesviridae and subfamily Betaherpesvirinae. CMV seropositivity rate in Turkiye varies between 85% and 100% . Following primary infection, CMV remains latent for life in myeloid cells, such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. It can reactivate when [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, JUNE 2025

Potential Predictors of the Outcome of Tocilizumab Treatment in Patients with COVID-19-Associated Hyperinflammation

Shirkhan Amikishiyev and others

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, typically presents with mild to moderate course in the majority of infected individuals. During the pandemic, nearly 30% of patients required hospitalization, and a subset developed a severe disease characterized by respiratory failure and needed intensive care support. Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 2, JUNE 2025

Development of a Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Quantifying Teicoplanin and Its Application in Critically Ill Patients

Hasan Memiş and others

Healthcare-associated infections are frequently encountered in intensive care units (ICUs), with more than 30% of all ICU admissions having an infection. For decades, antibiotics have provided an effective treatment for infectious diseases. Since most antibiotic resistance is caused by misuse or abuse of antibiotics, one of the strategies that could [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 1, MARCH 2025

Healthcare-Associated Infection Rates in Türkiye (2014-2023): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bahar Madran and others

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are accepted as one of the most important challenges in hospital settings. They cause extended lengths of stay -at the hospital, threatening patient safety, increasing the rate of morbidity and mortality, raising the workforce of healthcare workers and accelerating antimicrobial resistance. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 1, MARCH 2025

Determination of the Viremia and Genotype Distribution of the Hepatitis C Virus and the Seroprevalence of HIV Co-Infection

Fatih Mehmet Akıllı and others

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an enveloped, single-stranded, positive polarity RNA virus from the Flaviviridae family. It is part of the Hepacivirus genus, wrapped in a lipid bilayer containing two viral glycoproteins (E1 and E2). HCV infection is a major public health problem that can lead to complications such as cirrhosis and liver cancer. Approximately 85% of people [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 1, MARCH 2025

Rapid Detection of Pathogens and Resistance Genes Grown in Blood Cultures with Two Multiplex Tandem Real-Time PCR Kits

Barış Gülhan and others

Rapid diagnosis of pathogens grown in blood cultures reduces mortality and morbidity as appropriate treatment is started early. It notably reduces hospital costs because of less need for intensive care and earlier patient discharge. Although rapid identification and antibiogram of pathogens can be made with automated blood [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 1, MARCH 2025

An Analysis of Bacterial Infection Distribution in the Elderly, and Their Clinical and Laboratory Profiles: Aging and Bacterial Infection

Hanife Nur Karakoç-Parlayan and others

The demographic shift with an aging population worldwide has highlighted the unique healthcare challenges the elderly face. According to the Turkish Statistical Institute data, the population aged 65 and over reached 8,722,806 in 2023, accounting for 10.2% of the total population. Population projections indicate that the proportion of the elderly population is expected to reach 12.9% in 2030 [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 1, MARCH 2025

Predictors for Publication of Specialty Theses in the Field of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology

Pelin İrkören and others

The residency program of infectious diseases and clinical microbiology (IDCM) in Türkiye was started in 1983 by adopting the name IDCM. The IDCM program in Türkiye is a five-year program, including related clinical rotations. Presenting a thesis at the end of this program is mandatory. The first specialty thesis in the field of IDCM was [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 1, MARCH 2025

Analysis of Prosthetic Joint Infections, Risk Factors for Treatment Failure and Effect of Teicoplanin in Treatment: A Single-Center, Retrospective, Observational Study

Aybegüm Özşahin and others

With the prolongation of life expectancy and the developments in orthopedic surgery, noteworthy progress has been made in prosthetic joint surgery in recent years. Joint replacement provides pain relief, improves quality of life, and gives independence to individuals. Along with the advances in prosthetic surgery, prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is still the most feared complication of the procedure. Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 7, ISSUE 1, MARCH 2025

Frequency and Genotype Diversity of Human Pegiviruses (HPgV) in People Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Ebru Yücebağ-Duranay and others

Human pegiviruses (HPgV-1 and HPgV-2) are enveloped, single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses belonging to the Pegivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family. HPgV has a genome of 8.9-11.3 kb, and the virion size is estimated at around 50-100 nm. Seven genotypes of HPgV-1 differ geographically. Two subtypes of genotype (GT) 2, which is common in Europe [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 6, ISSUE 4, DECEMBER 2024

Predictive Role and Clinical Value of Serum Cytokines in COVID-19

Fatihan Pınarlık and others

COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 from the Coronaviridae family, Orthocoronaviridae sub family, Betacoronavirus genus, and Sarbecovirus subfamily (1). Cytokines and chemokines have been essential in the immune response against coronaviruses (2). First reports investigating clinical features of COVID-19 showed that serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, IL-10, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GSCF), IP10 (CXCL10), [...] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 6, ISSUE 4, DECEMBER 2024

Clostridioides difficile Infections and Factors Associated with Recurrence

Sinan Çetin and Mediha Uğur

Clostridioides difficile is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria found in the colon as part of the normal intestinal flora of a healthy individual. However, changes in the gut microbiota because of antibiotic use can lead to overgrowth of C. difficile and toxin […] Read More

Original Article / VOLUME 6, ISSUE 4, DECEMBER 2024

Impact of Needle-Free Connector and Prefilled Flushing Syringe Shortage on CLABSI Rates in Pediatric Intensive Care

İlker Devrim and others

The most common and serious complication of central venous catheter usage is central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) in children and adults. Between 2011 and 2014, CLABSIs were the most frequently reported healthcare-associated illness among hospitals in the USA. Bloodstream infections associated with central lines are […] Read More